What Italy’s Citizenship Debate Means for Those Looking to Retire in Italy

If you’re thinking about spending your golden years in Italy, you’re not alone. More and more people are drawn to the country’s warm climate, world-class healthcare, and relaxed lifestyle. But with ongoing discussions around citizenship and immigration rules, many wonder: is now a good time to retire in Italy?

The short answer? Yes — absolutely. But it’s worth understanding what’s changed, what hasn’t, and how you can confidently start your Italian adventure.

What’s Changed in Italian Citizenship Law?

In 2025, Italy introduced significant changes to citizenship by descent (ius sanguinis) and spousal naturalisation — both of which affect Italians living abroad and their families:

• Citizenship by descent is now limited to two generations: Only individuals with an Italian-born parent or grandparent qualify automatically. 

• If you’re an Italian passport holder living abroad, you can only pass citizenship on to your children if they are born in Italy or if you’ve lived in Italy for at least two years before their birth.

• Spouses of Italians must now relocate to qualify: Previously, foreign spouses could apply for Italian citizenship after three years of marriage, even while living outside Italy. Now, residency in Italy is mandatory to start the process — a major shift for globally mobile couples.

These reforms don’t impact the Elective Residence Visa or naturalisation routes for long-term residents, but they do tighten access for those claiming citizenship through family ties abroad.

👉 If you believe you’re eligible for Italian citizenship by descent, it’s more important than ever to consult with a legal expert to understand how these new rules apply to your specific case.

What About Naturalisation by Residency?

In parallel, a referendum proposal sought to reduce the number of years required for non-EU citizens to apply for citizenship through residency — from 10 years down to 5. This would have been a significant change, especially for long-term expats. However, the proposal did not pass.

This means the current rules remain:

• 10 years of legal residency

• Language proficiency 

• Proof of integration, including a stable income and ties to the community

So while citizenship without ancestry is still possible, it’s a long-term path and not the main route for most retirees.

However, there’s a shorter path if you have close Italian roots. If you have an Italian-born parent or grandparent but no automatic claim to citizenship under the revised rules, you may still be eligible to apply through naturalisation after just three years of legal residency in Italy. This is significantly shorter than the standard 10-year requirement for those with no familial ties, and it can be a strategic route for those looking to reconnect with their heritage.

Is It Still Possible to Retire in Italy Without Ties?

Yes — and Italy actively welcomes it.

In fact, the most common and accessible route for non-EU retirees remains the Elective Residence Visa. This visa is designed for individuals with stable passive income (like pensions, rental income, or investments) who want to live in Italy full-time. It doesn’t lead to citizenship directly, but it offers:

• Residency in one of Europe’s most beautiful countries

• Access to public healthcare (after registration)

• The ability to integrate fully into Italian life

Additionally, Italy launched a Digital Nomad Visa in 2024 — another sign that the country is opening up to non-traditional paths of relocation.

Planning to Retire in Italy? Here’s What to Know

Whether you’re applying for a visa or exploring your citizenship options, there’s a lot to think about beyond just immigration. At Mitos Relocation, we help you consider the full picture:

• Immigration pathways: Which visa or citizenship path fits your profile?

• Finances & taxes: How will your pension or savings be taxed in Italy?

• Healthcare access: What should you expect from Italy’s public and private systems?

• Cultural fit: From language to lifestyle, how will you adapt and thrive?

• Housing & location: Which regions suit your budget, pace of life, and preferences?

Make Your Italian Dream a Reality

Despite the headlines, Italy remains one of the most welcoming countries in Europe for retirees who are ready to embrace the dolce vita. Whether you’re eligible for a passport or planning to relocate on a visa, now is a great time to take the next step.

📩 Reach out to Mitos Relocation today to schedule a consultation

Let’s talk about how you can confidently and legally retire in Italy, with a clear plan for every stage.